ACCOUNTING FOR CAPITAL PROJECTS AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT: This research investigates (i) the current practices in accounting for capital projects, (ii) the challenges in financial management of infrastructure development, and (iii) strategies for improving financial transparency and accountability. A survey design is employed to gather data from governmental accountants and financial managers involved in capital projects. A sample size of 320 respondents, determined using Taro Yamane's formula, ensures robust statistical validity. The case study focuses on Ogun State, known for its extensive infrastructure development projects. The reliability coefficient score of the survey instrument is 0.86. Findings indicate significant challenges in accounting for capital projects, including issues with cost overruns and project delays. Recommendations include the adoption of more stringent financial management practices and the use of advanced project accounting software to enhance transparency and accountability.